Hybrydowe procesy kształtowania wyrobów, integrujące techniki przyrostowe i ubytkowe *

Hybrid manufacturing of metallic parts integrated additive and subtractive processes

Author: Wit Grzesik

Mechanik nr 07/2018 - Obróbka - inne rodzaje

STRESZCZENIE: Przedstawiono nową koncepcję hybrydowego kształtowania złożonych wyrobów, bazującą na integracji techniki przyrostowej oraz wykańczającej obróbki ubytkowej na jednej obrabiarce CNC. Ta koncepcja jest intensywnie rozwijana w ramach strategii Produkcja/Wytwarzanie 4.0. Podano zasady i możliwości technologiczne integracji laserowego napawania proszkowego i wykańczającego toczenia/frezowania w różnych zastosowaniach przemysłowych, takich jak: kształtowanie przyrostowe dodatkowych elementów w złożonych geometrycznie wyrobach, nanoszenie warstw funkcjonalnych oraz naprawa zużytych lub uszkodzonych, dużych i drogich elementów, np. łopatek i obudów turbin lotniczych. Omówiono stosowane strategie technologiczne, programy CAD/CAM i rozwiązania konstrukcyjne obrabiarek hybrydowych CNC.

SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: obróbka hybrydowa, obróbka przyrostowa, obróbka ubytkowa CNC, naprawa części, obrabiarki hybrydowe

ABSTRACT: This review paper highlights the hybrid manufacturing processes which integrate the additive and subtractive processes performing on one hybrid platform consisting of the LMD (laser metal deposition) unit and multi-axis CNC machining center. This hybrid technology is rapidly developed and has many applications in Production/Manufacturing 4.0 including the LRT (laser repair technology). In particular, some important rules and advantages as well as technological potentials of the integration of a powder metal deposition and finishing CNC milling/turning operations are discussed and overviewed. Some representative examples such as formation of difficult features around the part periphery, deposition of functional layers and coatings and repair of high-value parts in aerospace industry are provided. Moreover, the technological strategies, CAD/CAM and CAI programs and construction designs of the hybrid manufacturing platforms are explained. Some conclusions and future trends in the implementation of hybrid processes are outlined.

KEYWORDS: hybrid machining, additive machining, CNC machining, repair technology, hybrid machine tools

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